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Medical condition

Obesity

Also known as: Adiposity-Based Chronic Disease · ABCD · Excess Adiposity

Obesity is a chronic, relapsing condition of excess adiposity associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, hormonal, and musculoskeletal sequelae. It is treated as a physiologic disease — not a willpower deficit — and responds to medical, behavioral, and surgical pathways.

Medically reviewed
Dr. Laura Purdy · MD, MBA
Clinical Director, oMeds
Last reviewed
Overview

What you need to know

Modern endocrinology frames obesity as adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD): a relapsing physiological state with neurohormonal drivers (leptin resistance, GLP-1 signaling, insulin resistance) rather than a behavioral failure. Body composition matters more than scale weight — visceral adiposity, lean mass, and metabolic biomarkers (A1C, fasting insulin, lipids, ApoB) define the underlying physiology. Provider-reviewed pathways include GLP-1 receptor agonist optimization (semaglutide, tirzepatide) paired with resistance training and biomarker recalibration to preserve lean mass.

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