oMeds
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Answer · biomarkers

What is ESR (sed rate)?

Short answer

ESR measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a tube over one hour. It is a non-specific marker of systemic inflammation.

Reviewed by Dr. Laura PurdyMay 29, 2026

Full answer

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) reflects plasma protein changes that accelerate red cell sedimentation in the presence of inflammation. It is sensitive but non-specific: elevation can reflect infection, autoimmune disease, malignancy, or tissue injury. Within oMeds review, ESR is interpreted alongside hs-CRP, clinical context, and age-adjusted reference ranges. Trend matters more than a single value, and ESR is rarely actioned alone.

Educational. Not a substitute for individualized provider review.

References & sources
  • ESR — Primary source · oMeds
  • Reviewed by Dr. Laura Purdy, MD, MBA · Clinical Director, oMeds · Last reviewed 2026-05-29

Related answers

What causes high hs-CRP?
Persistently elevated hs-CRP reflects low-grade systemic inflammation. Common drivers include visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, periodontal disease, sleep apnea, autoimmune activity, smoking, and recent infection. Interpretation always controls for acute illness.
Primary source
ESR